Common names:

• cartwheel-flower  (Source: Dict Gard) - English
• giant hogweed  (Source: World Econ Pl) - English
• jätteloka  (Source: Kulturvaxtdatabas) - Swedish

Economic Importance:

• Environmental: ornamental (fide Zander ed14; Invasive Pl Spec)
• Vertebrate poisons: mammals ()
• Vertebrate poisons: mammals ()
• Weed: potential seed contaminant (fide Econ Pl Aust; Invasive Pl Spec; http://www.giant-alien.dk/manual.html,)

Distributional Range:

Native

Asia-Temperate

• CAUCASUS: Georgia, Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia]


Cultivated (also cult.)

Naturalized

Australasia

• AUSTRALIA: Australia
• NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand

Europe

• Europe

Northern America

• Canada, United States

References:

1. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource on www.skud.info). 2012 (Kulturvaxtdatabas)
2. Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning. 1998 (Cooper & Johnson ed2)
3. Encke, F. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage. 1993 (Zander ed14)
4. Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. (Glea Cron)
5. Hanelt, P., ed. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6. 2001 (Mansf Ency)
6. Huxley, A., ed. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. 1992 (Dict Gard)
7. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. Flora SSSR. (F USSR)
8. Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants. 1985 (Lampe & McCann)
9. Lazarides, M. & B. Hince CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia. 1993 (Econ Pl Aust)
10. Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource). (Can Poison Pl)
11. Ochsmann, J. 1996. Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier (Apiaceae) in Deutschland. Untersuchungen zur Biologie, Verbreitung, Morphologie und Taxonomie Feddes Repert. 107:557-595.
12. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). (Pl Names)
13. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. (F Eur)
14. USDA National Agricultural Library National Invasive Species Information Center (on-line resource). (Nat Invasive Sp Info)
15. Weber, E. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds. 2003 (Invasive Pl Spec)

Images:

• Disseminule drawings\; A-B: Fruit segment in two views; C: embryo in situ within fruit segment; D: transection of fruit segment: U.S. National Seed Herbarium drawing
• Embryo drawing: U.S. National Seed Herbarium drawing
• Seed: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image