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Taxon: Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.

 
Genus: Imperata
Family: Poaceae (alt.Gramineae)
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Tribe: Andropogoneae
Nomen number: 19864
Place of publication: Nomencl. bot. 10. 1797 (A. M. F. J. Palisot de Beauvois, Ess. Agrostogr. 8, 165, 177, t. 5, fig. 1. 1812)
Link to protologue:
Comment: when Cirillo published the genus Imperata (in Pl. rar. neapol. 2: 26. 1792) he cited Lagurus cylindricus L. in its synonymy, thus Räuschel’s use of the generic name Imperata together with the Linnaean species epithet provides sufficient indirect link to the basionym Lagurus cylindricus, and this can be considered a validly published new combination (Shenzhen ICN Art. 38.13 & 38.14)
Name Verified on: 05-Sep-2017 by ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions: 11 (0 active, 0 available) in National Plant Germplasm System

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations:

(≡ homotypic synonym, = heterotypic synonym, - autonym, I invalid designation)

Common names:

Economic Importance:

  • Animal food: potential as forage
  • Environmental: ornamental
  • Medicines: folklore (Imperata cylindrica var. major)
  • Weed: potential seed contaminant; potential seed contaminant

Distributional Range:

    Native

    Africa
    • MACARONESIA: Portugal, [Madeira Islands] Spain [Canarias]
    • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
    • NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan
    • EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
    • WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA: Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Rwanda
    • WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote D'Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo
    • SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe
    • SOUTHERN AFRICA: Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa [Cape Province, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Transvaal]

    Asia-Temperate
    • ARABIAN PENINSULA: Oman, Saudi Arabia, Yemen
    • WESTERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Cyprus, Egypt, [Sinai] Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
    • CAUCASUS: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russian Federation [Dagestan]
    • MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
    • CHINA: China
    • EASTERN ASIA: Japan, [Hokkaidô, Honshu, Kyushu, Ryukyu Islands, Shikoku] Korea

    Asia-Tropical
    • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka
    • PAPUASIA: Papua New Guinea
    • INDO-CHINA: Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam
    • MALESIA: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines

    Australasia
    • AUSTRALIA: Australia [New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia (n.e.)]

    Europe
    • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece (incl. Crete), Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), Slovenia
    • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: France (s. & Corsica), Portugal, Spain (incl. Baleares)


    Cultivated (also cult.)

    Naturalized

    Africa
    • MACARONESIA: Cape Verde
    • WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN: Madagascar, Seychelles

    Asia-Tropical
    • PAPUASIA: Papua New Guinea
    • INDO-CHINA: Thailand

    Australasia
    • AUSTRALIA: Australia, [Lord Howe Island] Australia [Lord Howe Island]
    • NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand

    Northern America
    • United States

    Pacific
    • NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: United States [Hawaii]
    • NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Micronesia, Palau, United States [Guam, Northern Mariana Islands]
    • SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC: United States, [American Samoa] Vanuatu

    Southern America
    • CARIBBEAN: West Indies
    • CENTRAL AMERICA: Central America
    • WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Colombia
    • SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Chile
    • South America


References:

  1. Abbiw, D. K. 1990. Useful plants of Ghana Intermediate Technology Publications & Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) URL: www.skud.info
  3. Bor, N. L. 1960. The grasses of Burma, Ceylon, India, and Pakistan. Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.
  4. Boulos, L. 1999-. Flora of Egypt
  5. Cameron, A. G. et al. 1995. Performance of forages introduced into Kalimantan, Indonesia, by the South-East Asian Forage Seeds Project. Genet. Res. Commun. 21:2.
  6. Chaudhary, S. A. 1987. Weeds of Saudi Arabia and the Arabian Peninsula.
  7. CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988) Note: four books on weeds worldwide in scope
  8. Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria. Australian plant census (APC) (on-line resource).
  9. Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.
  10. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
  11. Exell, A. W. et al., eds. 1960-. Flora zambesiaca. Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.
  12. FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
  13. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). URL: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Imperata+cylindrica&quantity=1 target='_blank'
  14. George, A. S., ed. 1980-. Flora of Australia.
  15. Ghazanfar, S. A. 1992. An annotated catalogue of the vascular plants of Oman. Scripta Botanica Belgica 2
  16. Gibbs-Russell, G. E. et al. 1990. Grasses of southern Africa. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa vol. 58 Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.
  17. Grierson, A. J. C. & D. J. Long. 1984-. Flora of Bhutan including a record of plants from Sikkim. Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.
  18. Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
  19. Hansen, A. & P. Sunding. 1993. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 4. Sommerfeltia vol. 17.
  20. Hedberg, I. & S. Edwards. 1989-. Flora of Ethiopia Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.
  21. Hitchcock, A. S. 1950. Manual of the grasses of the United States, ed. 2. Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.
  22. Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds
  23. Holttum, R. E. et al. 1953-1971. A revised flora of Malaya. Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.
  24. Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
  25. Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
  26. Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
  27. Izquierdo Z., I. et al., eds. 2004. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres
  28. Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953-1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2. Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.
  29. Koyama, T. 1987. Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.
  30. Lazarides, M. 1980. The tropical grasses of Southeast Asia Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.
  31. Mouterde, P. 1966-. Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie. Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.
  32. Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970-. Flora of [West] Pakistan. Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.
  33. Padua, L. S. de et al., eds. 1999. Medicinal and poisonous plants 1. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 12(1):310.
  34. Personal Care Products Council. INCI
  35. Plant Protection and Quarantine Office. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Federal noxious weed list (on-line resource).
  36. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
  37. Price, S. 1957. Cytological studies in Saccharum and allied genera. III. Chromosome numbers in interspecific hybrids. Bot. Gaz. 118:146-159.
  38. Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica. Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.
  39. Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
  40. Seed Regulatory and Testing Division, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S.D.A. State noxious-weed seed requirements recognized in the administration of the Federal Seed Act (updated annually).
  41. Shukla, U. 1996. Grasses of north-eastern India Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.
  42. Soerjani, M. et al., eds. 1987. Weeds of rice in Indonesia. 434.
  43. Sreekumar, P. V. & V. J. Nair. 1991. Flora of Kerala - grasses. Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.
  44. 't Mannetje, L. & R. M. Jones, eds. 1992. Forages. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 4:140-142. Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.
  45. Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. 1966-. Flora of Iraq. Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.
  46. Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952-. Flora of tropical East Africa. Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.
  47. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea. Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.
  48. Tzvelev, N. N. 1976. Zlaki SSSR Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.
  49. USDA National Agricultural Library. National Invasive Species Information Center (on-line resource). URL: http://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/plants/cogongrass.shtml target='_blank'
  50. Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
  51. Wood, J. R. I. 1997. A handbook of the Yemen flora. Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.
  52. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition). Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.
  53. Zon, A. P. M. van der. 1992. Graminées du Cameroun Note: lists as Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.
  54. 1961. Webster's third new international dictionary.
  55. 2018. Mid-Atlantic invasive plant species (on-line resource)
  56. PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).

Check other web resources for Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. :

Images:

Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2020. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN-Taxonomy).
National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=19864. Accessed 8 April 2020.