Taxon: Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid.

Summary

Genus:

Spirodela

Family:

Araceae

Subfamily:

Lemnoideae

Nomen number:

400337

Place of publication:

Linnaea 13:392. 1839

Comment:

recommendation of W. T. Stearn, Botanical Latin ed. 4: 261. 1992 followed in retaining original spelling: "The initial ρ of a Greek word transliterated as rh, e.g. rhiza (ριζα, root, rhizome), should have an additional r added to it when preceded by a vowel, e.g. Glycyrrhiza (γλυκυρριζα, liquorice, from γλυκος, sweet, ριζα, root), leptorrhiza (λεπτορριζα, with a thin root, from λεπτος, small, slender), but as many reputable authors, Linnaeus among them, have omitted this additional r, it is best regarded as optional and an author's original spelling, as in Lemna polyrhiza, should be accepted."

Verified:

10/06/1994 ARS Systematic Botanists.

Accessions:

0 (0 active, 0 available) in National Plant Germplasm System.

Other conspecific taxa

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

Basionym
Lemna polyrhiza L.

No images

Conservation Status

Reference(s)

Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource).
Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen
Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds
Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
Landolt, E. 1986. Biosystematic investigations in the family of duckweeds (Lemnaceae). 2. The family of Lemnaceae - a monographic study. Veröff. Geobot. Inst. ETH Stiftung Rübel Zürich 71:243.
Landolt, E. 1996. pers. comm. Note: re. common names
Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada
Lot, A. et al. 1999. Catálogo de angiospermas acuáticas de México. Cuad. Inst. Biol. 33:40.
Personal Care Products Council. International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient
Skvortsov, A. K., ed. 2006. Flora of the Lower Volga region 1:315.
Stevens, W. D. et al., eds. 2001. Flora de Nicaragua. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 85(1-3).
Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
Wofford, B. E. Database of Tennessee vascular plants (on-line resource).
1961. Webster's third new international dictionary.

Common names

Language	Name	seq	Citation
English	great duckweed	1	1961. Webster's third new international dictionary.
English	greater duckweed	1	Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource).
English	water flaxseed	1	Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada
French	spirodèle polyrhize	2	FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
German	vielwurzelige Teichlinse	2	Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen

Distribution

order_code	Status	Continent	Subcontinent	Country	State	Note	Reference
1	Native	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Kenya			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Tanzania			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Uganda			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Chad			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Ethiopia			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Sudan			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	Northern Africa	Algeria			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	Northern Africa	Egypt			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	Northern Africa	Morocco			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Malawi			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Mozambique			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Zambia			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Zimbabwe			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	Southern Africa	Botswana			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	Southern Africa	South Africa	Free State		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	Southern Africa	South Africa	KwaZulu-Natal		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Benin			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Ghana			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Nigeria			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Senegal			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Togo			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Burundi			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Cameroon			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Democratic Republic of the Congo			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Rwanda			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Africa	Western Indian Ocean	Madagascar			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Azerbaijan			Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Georgia			Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Guangdong Sheng		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Guizhou Sheng		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Hebei Sheng		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Heilongjiang Sheng		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Henan Sheng		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Hubei Sheng		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Jiangsu Sheng		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Jilin Sheng		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Sichuan Sheng		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China	Yunnan Sheng		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Japan		incl. Ryukyus	Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Korea			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Taiwan			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Kazakhstan			Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Amur		Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Habarovskij kraj		Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Kamčatskij kraj		Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Primorye		Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Sakhalin		Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Buryatia		Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Irkutsk		Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Krasnoyarsk		Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Omsk		Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Tomsk		Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Afghanistan			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Iran			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Israel			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Syria			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Turkey			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	India			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Nepal			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Pakistan			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Sri Lanka			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Myanmar			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Thailand			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Vietnam			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Malaysia			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Philippines			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Papuasia	Papua New Guinea			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Australasia	Australia	Australia	New South Wales		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Australasia	Australia	Australia	Northern Territory		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Australasia	Australia	Australia	Queensland		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Australasia	Australia	Australia	Victoria		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Europe	Eastern Europe	Belarus			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Europe	Eastern Europe	Estonia			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Europe	Eastern Europe	Latvia			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Europe	Eastern Europe	Lithuania			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Europe	Eastern Europe	Moldova			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Europe	Eastern Europe	Russian Federation	Astrakhan		Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Europe	Eastern Europe	Russian Federation	Saratov		Skvortsov, A. K., ed. 2006. Flora of the Lower Volga region 1:315.
1	Native	Europe	Eastern Europe	Russian Federation	Volgogradskaja oblast'		Skvortsov, A. K., ed. 2006. Flora of the Lower Volga region 1:315.
1	Native	Europe	Eastern Europe	Russian Federation-European part	European part		Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
1	Native	Europe	Eastern Europe	Ukraine			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Austria			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Belgium			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Czech Republic			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Germany			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Hungary			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Netherlands			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Poland			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Slovakia			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Switzerland			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Northern Europe	Denmark			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Northern Europe	Finland			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Northern Europe	Ireland			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Northern Europe	Norway			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Northern Europe	Sweden			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Northern Europe	United Kingdom			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Bosnia and Herzegovina			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Bulgaria			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Croatia			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Greece			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Italy			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Montenegro			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Romania			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Serbia			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Slovenia			Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
1	Native	Europe	Southwestern Europe	France			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Southwestern Europe	Portugal			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Europe	Southwestern Europe	Spain			Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	New Brunswick		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Newfoundland and Labrador		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Nova Scotia		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Ontario		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Prince Edward Island		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Québec		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Illinois		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Iowa		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Kansas		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Minnesota		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Missouri		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Nebraska		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	North Dakota		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Oklahoma		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	South Dakota		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Wisconsin		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Connecticut		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Indiana		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Maine		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Massachusetts		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Michigan		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New Hampshire		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New Jersey		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New York		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Ohio		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Pennsylvania		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Rhode Island		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Vermont		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	West Virginia		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Sonora		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Tamaulipas		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Colorado		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Idaho		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Montana		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Oregon		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Washington		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Wyoming		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	South-Central U.S.A.	United States	New Mexico		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	South-Central U.S.A.	United States	Texas		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Alabama		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Arkansas		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Delaware		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	District of Columbia		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Florida		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Georgia		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Kentucky		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Louisiana		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Maryland		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Mississippi		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Tennessee		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Virginia		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Chiapas		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Ciudad de México		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Colima		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Hidalgo		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Jalisco		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	México		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Michoacán de Ocampo		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Nayarit		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Oaxaca		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Tabasco		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Yucatán		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	Arizona		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	California		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	Nevada		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	Utah		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	Alberta		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	British Columbia		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	Manitoba		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	Saskatchewan		FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
1	Native	Pacific	North-Central Pacific	United States	Hawaii		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Cuba			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Dominican Republic			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Guadeloupe			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Haiti			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Jamaica			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	United States	Puerto Rico		Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Costa Rica			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	El Salvador			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Guatemala			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Honduras			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Nicaragua			Stevens, W. D. et al., eds. 2001. Flora de Nicaragua. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 85(1-3).
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Panama			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Colombia			Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Ecuador			Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Peru			Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45

Native
Africa

NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Egypt, Morocco
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Ethiopia, Sudan, Chad
EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA: Burundi, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Benin, Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal, Togo
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe
SOUTHERN AFRICA: Botswana, South Africa [Free State, KwaZulu-Natal]
WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN: Madagascar

Asia-Temperate

WESTERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Iran, Israel, Syria, Turkey
CAUCASUS: Azerbaijan, Georgia
SIBERIA: Russian Federation [Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Omsk, Tomsk]
MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan
RUSSIAN FAR EAST: Russian Federation [Amur, Habarovskij kraj, Kamčatskij kraj, Primorye, Sakhalin]
CHINA: China [Guangdong Sheng, Guizhou Sheng, Hebei Sheng, Heilongjiang Sheng, Henan Sheng, Hubei Sheng, Jiangsu Sheng, Jilin Sheng, Sichuan Sheng, Yunnan Sheng]
EASTERN ASIA: Korea, Japan (incl. Ryukyus), Taiwan

Asia-Tropical

INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Pakistan
PAPUASIA: Papua New Guinea
INDO-CHINA: Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam
MALESIA: Malaysia, Philippines

Australasia

AUSTRALIA: Australia [New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, Northern Territory]

Europe

NORTHERN EUROPE: Denmark, Finland, United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway, Sweden
MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia
EASTERN EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part], Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Russian Federation [Astrakhan, Saratov, Volgogradskaja oblast'], Ukraine
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Croatia, Italy, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain, France, Portugal

Northern America

EASTERN CANADA: Canada [Québec, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador]
WESTERN CANADA: Canada [Saskatchewan, Alberta, Manitoba, British Columbia]
NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia, Connecticut]
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin]
NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming]
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Virginia, Mississippi, Tennessee]
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [New Mexico, Texas]
SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah]
NORTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Sonora, Tamaulipas]
SOUTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Chiapas, Ciudad de México, Colima, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán de Ocampo, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave, Yucatán]

Pacific

NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: United States [Hawaii]

Southern America

CARIBBEAN: Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica, United States [Puerto Rico]
CENTRAL AMERICA: Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, El Salvador
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Colombia, Ecuador, Peru

Reference(s)

Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
FNA Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America. 22:145. Note: lists as "polyrrhiza"
Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
Skvortsov, A. K., ed. 2006. Flora of the Lower Volga region 1:315.
Stevens, W. D. et al., eds. 2001. Flora de Nicaragua. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 85(1-3).
Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1980. Flora europaea. 5:273.

Economic Uses

Usage	Type	Note	Reference
Animal food	fodder		Landolt, E. 1996. pers. comm. Note: re. common names
Weed			Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds

Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2026. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=400337. Accessed 8 October 2026.