Autonyms (not in current use) and synonyms:

• Basionym: Ervum ervilia L.

Common names:

• bitter vetch  (Source: Dict Rehm) - English
• ervil  (Source: Hortus 3) - English
• alliez  (Source: Dict Rehm) - French
• ers  (Source: Dict Rehm) - French
• erse  (Source: Dict Rehm) - French
• ervilière  (Source: Dict Rehm) - French
• pois de pigeon  (Source: Dict Rehm) - French
• vesce bâtarde  (Source: L Noms French ed7) - French
• Linsenwicke  (Source: Dict Rehm) - German
• Steinlinse  (Source: Dict Rehm) - German
• ervilha-de-pombo  (Source: Dict Rehm) - Portuguese
• gero  (Source: Dict Rehm) - Portuguese
• orobo  (Source: Dict Rehm) - Portuguese
• alacarceña  (Source: Dict Rehm) - Spanish
• yeros  (Source: Dict Rehm) - Spanish
• linsvicker  (Source: Kulturvaxtdatabas) - Swedish
• Francuzskaja čečevica  (Source: Mansf Ency) - Transliterated Russian

Economic Importance:

• Animal food: fodder
• Environmental:
• Human food:
• Vertebrate poisons: mammals (to livestock)

Distributional Range:

Native

Africa

• MACARONESIA: Portugal, [Madeira Islands] Spain [Canary Islands]
• NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria (introd.?), Egypt (n.w.), Libya (rare)

Asia-Temperate

• WESTERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Cyprus, Iran, Iraq (n.), Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
• CAUCASUS: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russian Federation [Dagestan, Krasnodar]
• MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan

Europe

• SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Albania, Bulgaria, Former Yugoslavia, Greece (incl. Crete), Italy (incl. Sicily)
• SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: France, Portugal, Spain (incl. Baleares)


Cultivated (also cult.)

References:

1. Afonin, A. N., S. L. Greene, N. I. Dzyubenko, & A. N. Frolov, eds. Interactive agricultural ecological atlas of Russia and neighboring countries. Economic plants and their diseases, pests and weeds (on-line resource). URL: http://www.agroatlas.ru/en/content/related/Vicia_ervilia/ target='_blank'
2. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) URL: www.skud.info
3. Ali, S. I. & S. M. H. Jafri, eds. 1976-. Flora of Libya.
4. Allkin, R. et al. 1986. Names and synonyms of species and subspecies in the Vicieae: issue 3. Vicieae Database Project 7:53.
5. Berger, J. D. et al. 2003. Agricultural potential of Mediterranean grain and forage legumes: 2) Anti-nutritional factor concentrations in the genus Vicia. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 50:201-212.
6. Bryant, J. A. & S. G. Hughes. 2011. Chapter 14. Vicia. Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, legume crops and forages 273-289.
7. Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
8. Demilly, D. et al. 2001. Liste alphabétique des principales espèces de plantes cultivées et de mauvaises herbes. Noms latins et noms français, ed. 7 Note: GEVES-SNES, Beaucouzé, France
9. Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance
10. Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage
11. Enneking, D. 1995. The toxicity of Vicia species and their utilization as grain legumes. 27.
12. Enneking, D. 2011. The nutritive value of grasspea (Lathyrus sativus) and allied species, their toxicity to animals and the role of malnutrition in neurolathyrism. Food Chem. Toxicol. 49:694-709. Note: Vicia ervilia mixed with Lathyrus sativus can be toxic to mules, but also toxicity of V. ervilia occurs in pigs accidentally eating its seeds
13. Eriksson, O. et al. 1979. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 2.
14. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). URL: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Vicia+ervilia&quantity=1 target='_blank'
15. Francis, C. M. et al. 1999. When and where will vetches have an impact as grain legumes?. Curr. Pl. Sci. Biotech. Agric. 34:671-683. Note: Vicia ervilia is one of five species cultivated as hay crop
16. Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6
17. Hermann, F. J. 1960. Vetches of the United States - native, naturalized and cultivated. U.S.D.A. Agric. Handb. 168:9.
18. Izquierdo Z., I. et al., eds. 2004. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres
19. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
20. Ladizinsky, G. & H. van Oss. 1984. Genetic relationships between wild and cultivated Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd.. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 89:97-100. Note: 2n=14
21. Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
22. Meikle, R. D. 1977-1985. Flora of Cyprus.
23. Mouterde, P. 1966-. Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie.
24. Pignatti, S. 1982. Flora d'Italia.
25. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
26. Quézel, P. & S. Santa. 1962-1963. Nouvelle flore de l'Algerie.
27. Raveendar, S. et al. 2015. Comparative efficacy of four candidate DNA barcode regions for identification of Vicia species. Pl. Genet. Resources Charact. Util. 1-10. DOI: 10.1017/S1479262115000623
28. Raynaud, C. 1976. Monographie et iconographie du genre Vicia L. au Maroc. Bull. Inst. Sci. Univ. Mohammed V. 1:170.
29. Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica.
30. Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
31. Schaefer, H. et al. 2012. Systematics, biogeography, and character evolution of the legume tribe Fabeae with special focus on the middle-Atlantic island lineages. B. M. C. Evol. Biol. 12:250.
32. Smythies, B. E. 1984-1986. Flora of Spain and the Balearic Islands: checklist of vascular plants. Englera 3:1-882.
33. Täckholm, V. 1974. Students' flora of Egypt, ed. 2.
34. Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. 1966-. Flora of Iraq.
35. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
36. Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia
37. Zohary, M. & N. Feinbrun-Dothan. 1966-. Flora palaestina.

Images:

• Seed: U.S. National Seed Herbarium image